16.3–12.7 mya – Badenian Stage

Nógrádszakál is located in the territory of the Novohrad–Nógrád Geopark in the northern part of Hungary near the Ipoly River. To the north of the village, ravines of the Paris Stream and Bertece Stream runs along. In the neighbourhood, an ancient river had accumulated its gravelled, sandy deposit approximately 15 million years ago, on which dark grey tuffaceous marl layered. The latter contains a fair number of leaf prints, scientific collection, of which first took place between 1956 and 1962.
In the Badenian flora of Nógrádszakál, species with demand for temperate climate lived. Their presence indicates riparian habitat. Species of elm, cornel, willow and mapple were frequent.They are water-related species, which adapted to the local circumstances of a low washland. Poplars were also present among them. Specimens of that time are similar to recent species. Typical zonal plants of the era, such as palms or lauraceae were missing. Composition of the flora had a lot in common with the following Sarmatian flora.